Anti-Semitism has found surprising roots in the modern left, particularly among the Neo-Marxist crowd. In today’s universities, activism, and even within political discourse, anti-Semitism has resurfaced, often masked under the guise of anti-imperialism, social justice, or anti-Zionism. To understand how this evolved, it is essential to trace the ideological development from Karl Marx, through Adolf Hitler’s National Socialism, to the Arab-Islamic world’s resentment of Jews, and finally into the ideological sphere of Neo-Marxist academics and the woke movement of today. What is striking is how anti-Semitism has been perpetuated through these ideological transformations, influencing the very institutions and movements that are supposed to champion equality, justice, and liberation.
1. Karl Marx: The Roots of Anti-Semitism in Marxist Thought
Karl Marx, born to a Jewish family, was deeply critical of Judaism, both as a religion and as a cultural identity. Despite his Jewish ethnicity, Marx despised Jews for what he saw as their association with capitalism. In his famous 1844 essay “On the Jewish Question,” Marx wrote that Jews were linked to the mercantile spirit and greed. He claimed:
“What is the worldly religion of the Jew? Huckstering. What is his worldly God? Money.”
For Marx, the Jewish people represented the very essence of the capitalist system he sought to overthrow. He did not view Jews as an oppressed group but instead as the embodiment of capitalist oppression. In Marx’s worldview, the abolition of capitalism was inextricably tied to the “emancipation” from Judaism.
Marx’s personal struggles with poverty may have played a role in shaping his perspective. Dependent on the financial support of his friend Friedrich Engels, Marx may have been envious of the financial success enjoyed by Jewish individuals in the European middle class. His animosity toward Jews, then, could be seen as not just ideological, but also personal resentment at their material success.
2. Adolf Hitler and Nazi Anti-Semitism: A Shift Toward Racial Hatred
While Marxist anti-Semitism was rooted in an ideological critique of capitalism, Hitler’s anti-Semitism was based on racial theories. The Nazi regime and its leader, Adolf Hitler, blamed Jews for the economic woes of Germany, the defeat in World War I, and even the rise of communism. Hitler’s views, articulated in Mein Kampf, painted Jews as both capitalist exploiters and communist revolutionaries, presenting them as the ultimate scapegoat for society’s problems.
But Hitler’s hatred went beyond economic envy—he also viewed Jews as racially inferior, a “threat” to the Aryan race. The Holocaust—the systematic attempt to eradicate the Jewish people—was a horrifying extension of this racial ideology. While Marx had loathed Jews for their connection to capitalism, Hitler sought to annihilate them entirely.
The Jewish success that Marx had envied became, in Hitler’s eyes, a dangerous form of “Jewish supremacy”. Jews were blamed for almost every aspect of Germany’s decline, and their economic success was turned into an accusation rather than an aspiration.
3. Arab-Islamic Resentment of Jews and the Rise of Anti-Semitism in the Middle East
The animosity between Jews and Arabs has a long history, but it significantly intensified in the 20th century. With the establishment of Israel in 1948, many surrounding Arab nations saw the Jewish state as an affront to their own cultural and territorial dominance. The rise of Islamic nationalism, particularly after the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, saw the growth of anti-Semitic rhetoric in Arab media and political discourse.
Nazi propaganda, which spread across the Middle East during World War II, also played a crucial role in shaping modern anti-Semitism in the Arab world. Haj Amin al-Husseini, the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, allied with Hitler during the war and propagated Nazi-inspired anti-Semitic ideologies. This radical Islamism, fueled by resentment of Jewish success in Israel and Europe, took root in the Arab world.
Arab hostility toward Jews today is often framed as resistance to Israeli occupation, but it frequently spills over into blanket hatred of Jews as a people. Israel’s material success, along with the belief that Jews were behind Western colonialist efforts, has cemented their role as the ultimate scapegoat for economic and political failings in the Arab world.
4. The Frankfurt School and the Roots of Neo-Marxism in Academia
The next step in the ideological trajectory of anti-Semitism within the Left comes through the Frankfurt School—a group of Marxist intellectuals who fled Nazi Germany and settled in the United States. This group, including figures like Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer, and Herbert Marcuse, sought to adapt Marxist theory to cultural and social spheres rather than focusing exclusively on economics. They were the architects of Neo-Marxism, a theoretical framework that would later influence much of left-wing academia.
Ironically, the Frankfurt School was made up of Jewish scholars who sought to critique Western culture and capitalism. However, the legacy of their ideas would go on to influence subsequent generations of academics who became increasingly critical of Israel and Jews—despite the fact that many of the Frankfurt School’s leading intellectuals were Jewish themselves.
The Neo-Marxist critique of capitalism became a broader critique of Western civilization, which led to critiques of Judeo-Christian values and, eventually, of Israel as a colonial state. As intersectionality and critical theory gained traction, Jews—especially those aligned with Western capitalist powers or Israel—became a target of ideological vilification.
5. The Rise of Neo-Marxism and Anti-Semitism on College Campuses
The 1960s and 1970s saw the rise of Black liberation movements in the United States, including the Nation of Islam (NOI). The NOI, led by figures like Malcolm X and Louis Farrakhan, was openly anti-Semitic, accusing Jews of controlling the financial system and using black people for their own benefit. While Malcolm X eventually distanced himself from the NOI, Farrakhan remains a prominent voice in anti-Semitic discourse, even today.
As Black activists turned to academia, some brought with them the radical and anti-Semitic views of the NOI and Islamic liberation thought. This view, combining anti-Zionism with anti-capitalism, has become prominent on university campuses, especially among woke activists who see themselves as fighting for social justice. The Palestinian cause is framed as an extension of the black struggle for civil rights, while Israel and Jews are often labeled as oppressors.
6. Modern Woke Left: Anti-Semitism and Support for Anti-Semitic Rallies
The modern woke Left, which includes many young students and academics, has embraced anti-Semitism under the guise of anti-imperialism. At rallies, speeches, and protests, the Palestinian cause is often presented in stark opposition to Israeli policies, while Jews are regularly blamed for being complicit in capitalist oppression or the continuation of colonial violence.
This ideological convergence between Neo-Marxism and Islamic radicalism has created a fertile ground for the perpetuation of anti-Semitic rhetoric in universities. The logical inconsistency, however, is apparent: the very intellectual foundations that gave rise to modern left-wing thought—especially the Frankfurt School—were rooted in Jewish scholarship. And yet, in practice, many Neo-Marxist and woke activists now find themselves opposing Jewish identity, both culturally and religiously.
Conclusion: A Legacy of Hatred Hidden in the Disguise of Social Justice
The rise of anti-Semitism in the modern Neo-Marxist and woke left is not a coincidence, but rather the culmination of centuries of ideological evolution. From Marx’s critique of Jews as capitalists, to Hitler’s racial hatred, to the Islamic anti-Zionism of the Middle East, the Left has absorbed and perpetuated these ideas in a new form. The woke Left, with its emphasis on social justice, has ironically become one of the most significant vectors for anti-Semitism today, pushing anti-Zionist and anti-Semitic rhetoric under the banner of fighting for the oppressed.
Irony is found in their accusations against opponents such as fascist, white supremacist, Nazi and racist, too, since the movement is very anti-Semitic.
This is a troubling trend, one that ignores the historical realities of Jewish persecution and the hypocrisy of radical movements that claim to fight for justice while targeting the Jewish people. Understanding this history is crucial, not just to grasp the evolution of anti-Semitism on the Left, but to challenge it wherever it manifests today.
This post offers a sweeping view of the history and evolution of anti-Semitism within Neo-Marxist thought, from Marx through to today’s woke culture. It serves as a cautionary tale about how ideological movements that claim to be rooted in liberation and justice can easily devolve into the perpetuation of hatred, particularly when historical narratives are selectively adopted.
S.D.G.,
Robert Sparkman
rob@christiannewsjunkie.com
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